Recently, according to a set of data released by the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, from January to May, the production and sales of new energy vehicles averaged 328,000, an increase of 122.9% and 141.6% respectively over the same period of the previous year. Among them, the production and sales of pure electric vehicles were 250,000 units, an increase of 105.1% and 124.7% respectively over the same period of the previous year.
The "blowout" in the production and sales of new energy vehicles is actually not surprising. With strong policy support and the market generally optimistic about new energy, consumers gradually have a soft spot for electric vehicles. Faced with such a huge market, all The car companies are all riveting hard, hoping to be entrenched in them, and can get a place. The number of production and sales of new energy vehicles is so strong, a "trouble" has gradually surfaced: how to deal with retired power batteries?
The rapid development of new energy vehicles has vigorously promoted the production and research and development of power batteries. A large number of power batteries have been assembled on terminal cars after generations of technological innovations. For power batteries, the market generally pays attention to its energy density and cruising range. However, as the first batch of power batteries gradually begin to retire, how to deal with this "waste" battery has become a problem that plagues everyone. Little problem.
Although the current high-nickel ternary material battery has been almost certainly regarded by everyone as the main direction of the future battery, among the existing power batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries still occupy a large share. According to relevant data, the current life of a lithium iron phosphate battery with a cycle life of 3000 cycles can reach about 8 years, but the battery life will be shorter under actual working conditions, and can be used for an average of 5 years. Due to the late development of ternary power battery technology, the maturity is not as good as lithium iron phosphate batteries, and the service life is relatively short, with an average lifespan of 4 years under working conditions. According to industry research institutions, my country’s power batteries will usher in a "scrap tide". By 2020, the scrap volume will exceed 248,000 tons, which is about 20 times the scrap volume in 2016.
For scrapped power batteries, the current recycling market can be regarded as chaotic. According to reports, a reporter had visited the waste product collection and distribution center and found that the recycling of waste power batteries was priced at 8 yuan per kilogram. Many recycling points are just a few people renting a warehouse, sending messages online, and they start recycling.
Zhao Xiaoyong, general manager of Beijing Saidemei Resources Reuse Research Institute Co., Ltd., said that there are many "guerrillas" recovered in the vicinity of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Shenzhen, Guangdong and Xinxiang, Henan. There is neither formal process nor compliance with environmental protection requirements, let alone any technical content. There are even more informal recycling than formal enterprises, and a few shots to change places will not only disrupt the market, but also leave a hidden danger of pollution.
Not only at the recycling point, but also at some formal automobile scrapping and dismantling companies, because they have little experience with new energy vehicles, they often can only dispose of batteries in the same way as conventional fuel vehicles.
In fact, the current "chaos" of waste power batteries is very similar to the situation of lead-acid batteries in my country before. Before the emergence of lithium batteries, lead-acid batteries have always been the world's largest battery product due to their cost-effectiveness and reliable operation. However, the recycling and dismantling of lead-acid batteries after they are scrapped will cause great harm to the environment. Some local small workshops do not have the corresponding environmental protection measures because of their simple facilities. This not only harms the environment, but also causes health damage to the dismantling of the battery and the staff. Due to manual dismantling, the resource recovery rate after dismantling is extremely low.
In 2011, nine ministries and commissions including the Ministry of Environmental Protection conducted special inspections on the lead-acid battery industry. At the same time, a large number of corresponding policies were introduced, which greatly regulated the industry standards. According to public figures from the Ministry of Environmental Protection, more than 80% of lead battery companies were banned or shut down. The Ministry of Environmental Protection inspected 1962 lead-acid battery companies (including 184 regenerated lead companies), banned and closed 736 companies, suspended production and reorganized 565 companies, and closed down 284 companies. Environmental protection departments of 26 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) across the country have received the approval authority for environmental impact assessment of lead-acid battery construction projects. So far, the recycling industry of lead-acid batteries is on the right track.
On January 26 this year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other relevant ministries and commissions jointly issued a notice on the issuance of the "Interim Measures for the Management of Recycling and Utilization of Power Batteries for New Energy Vehicles." The policy restricts strict standards for the recycling of power batteries. The "Interim Measures" stated that battery manufacturers should be encouraged to cooperate with comprehensive utilization companies on how to dispose of used batteries. The principle of recycling is to carry out multi-level and multi-purpose reasonable utilization of waste power batteries, reduce comprehensive energy consumption, improve energy utilization efficiency, improve comprehensive utilization level and economic benefits, and ensure the environmental protection of unusable residues.
The demand for power batteries for new energy vehicles is a huge market, and the recycling of power batteries is also a huge market. Many companies have also targeted this big cake and began to deploy the power battery recycling industry.
According to relevant information, GEM issued an announcement a few days ago stating that the 2.95 billion fixed increase plan released a year ago has finally been approved by the China Securities Regulatory Commission. According to the fixed increase plan, GEM plans to issue no more than about 763 million shares, and the total amount of funds raised will not exceed about 2.95 billion, which will be used for the green dismantling and recycling of vehicle power battery pack projects and the project of precursor raw materials for ternary materials for recycling power ( 60,000 tons/year) etc.
GEM has established 6 dismantling and recycling centers across the country, and also established the first power battery dismantling line and an intelligent manufacturing workshop for the production of cathode materials. In addition, two automatic production lines for power battery packs and echelon utilization have also been put into operation, which can be applied to the manufacture of cylindrical power battery systems for vehicles such as 18650, 21700 and 26650, with an annual output of up to 1GWh.
Since the production of power batteries is more complicated than other battery processes, it is also more difficult to disassemble, which requires recycling companies to have a higher level of technology. However, battery recycling, as an extremely important step in the healthy cycle of the new energy vehicle industry chain, also plays a very important value, and the profits behind it are also considerable. As more and more high-tech companies join, we believe that the power battery recycling industry will gradually flourish.
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